RESUMO
The review of the literature is devoted to the urgent problem of today--anesthetic maintenance of diagnostic endoscopic studies. The authors of the review have attempted to systematize the results of numerous publications to provide a deeper insight into the existing problems and perspectives in this field of anesthesiology, which can facilitate an anesthesiologist in his/her decision on anesthesia to be performed in diagnostic endoscopy.
Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/métodos , Anestesia/métodos , Endoscopia/métodos , Assistência Ambulatorial/tendências , Anestesia/efeitos adversos , Anestesia/tendências , Endoscopia/efeitos adversos , Endoscopia/tendências , Humanos , Intubação Intratraqueal , Monitorização FisiológicaRESUMO
The literature review concisely considers a relatively new problem of postoperative cognitive disorders occurring in surgical patients. The paper considers the present views of the etiology of postoperative cognitive disorders and their contributing and aggravating factors. Particular emphasis is laid on a factor, such as a surface anesthetic level and sudden intraoperative consciousness recovery, as well as on the prevention of this complication through the monitoring of anesthesia depth.
Assuntos
Transtornos Cognitivos/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/etiologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/psicologia , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/psicologiaRESUMO
To evaluate the efficiency of the anesthetic service of a one-day hospital, the authors analyzed the anesthesias made over 5 years in 3219 (2119 males and 1100 females) patients in the Outpatient Surgery Center (OSC). Based on the given criteria for selecting patients for outpatient surgeries and the assessment of bed occupancy and load on an anesthetist, the author concluded that it is optimal to set up an anesthetic service in the OSC.
Assuntos
Anestesia/normas , Eficiência Organizacional , Unidades Hospitalares/organização & administração , Clínicas de Dor/organização & administração , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Ocupação de Leitos/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Moscou , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The authors have studied the incidence and possible causes of short-term postoperative mental disorders (STPMD) (in different types of intraoperative protection) that are determined as a nonspecific central nervous system (CNS) lesion characterized by concomitant disorders of consciousness, recognition, memory, emotions, and psychomotor functions, as well as sleep-wakening cycles. Intraanesthetic awakening has been established to play a leading role in the development of STPMD. Under general anesthesia, the incidence of the latter is not higher than that under regional anesthesia, although the causes of STP-MD are likely to be different in either case. And, finally, CNS function monitoring is seemingly considered to be a compulsory component of intraoperative control of a patient's condition during general anesthesia. In addition, it may prevent intraanesthetic awakening episodes and the development of postoperative cognitive disorders in many respects.
Assuntos
Anestesia por Condução/efeitos adversos , Anestesia Geral/efeitos adversos , Transtornos Cognitivos/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Período de Recuperação da Anestesia , Transtornos Cognitivos/etiologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/psicologia , Humanos , Monitorização Intraoperatória , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/psicologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Results of testing of new apparatus for mechanical lung ventilation (MLV) Avenir-221 P under conditions of postsurgical resuscitation are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on specific features of the use of the MLV apparatus Avenir-221 P in military hospitals.
Assuntos
Respiração Artificial/instrumentação , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Adulto , Feminino , Hospitais Militares , Humanos , Masculino , Monitorização Fisiológica/instrumentação , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Federação Russa , Ferimentos e Lesões/terapiaAssuntos
Traumatismos Abdominais/cirurgia , Traumatismo Múltiplo/cirurgia , Períneo/lesões , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/métodos , Ferimentos Penetrantes/cirurgia , Acidentes Domésticos , Adulto , Colo/lesões , Colo/cirurgia , Duodeno/lesões , Duodeno/cirurgia , Seguimentos , Humanos , Íleo/lesões , Íleo/cirurgia , Fígado/lesões , Fígado/cirurgia , Masculino , Reoperação , Ruptura , Bexiga Urinária/lesões , Bexiga Urinária/cirurgiaRESUMO
The authors discuss some traits of anesthesia maintenance during transportation of wounded. The study of 292 cases evacuated from Afghanistan and Chechnya, divided by two groups with different types of the anesthetics. The first group members were given by 1 ml of 2% promedol solution, while the second was sedative-controlled (associative usage of mydazolam and phentanil). When the first group suffered from pain, the second group patients were practically free from the pain stress until they reached their hospitals.
